R - sum() Function

The R sum() function returns sum of all elements present in the argument. The syntax for using this function is given below:

Syntax

sum(x1, x2, ..., na.rm = FALSE)

Parameters

`x1, x2, ...`	`Required.` Specify numeric or complex or logical vectors.
`na.rm`	`Optional.` Specify TRUE to remove NA or NaN values before the computation. Default is FALSE.

Return Value

Returns sum of all elements present in the argument.

Example:

The example below shows the usage of sum() function.

v1 <- c(10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35)
v2 <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
cat("sum of all elements of v1:", sum(v1), "\n")
cat("sum of all elements of v2:", sum(v2), "\n")
cat("sum of all elements of v1 and v2:", sum(v1, v2), "\n")

m <- matrix(c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60), ncol=2)
cat("\nThe matrix contains:\n")
print(m)
cat("sum of all elements of matrix:", sum(m))
cat("\nsum along first column of the matrix:", sum(m[,1]))

The output of the above code will be:

sum of all elements of v1: 135 
sum of all elements of v2: 15 
sum of all elements of v1 and v2: 150 

The matrix contains:
     [,1] [,2]
[1,]   10   40
[2,]   20   50
[3,]   30   60
sum of all elements of matrix: 210
sum along first column of the matrix: 60

Using na.rm parameter

The na.rm parameter can be set TRUE to remove NA or NaN values before the computation.

Example:

Consider the example below to see the usage of na.rm parameter.

v1 <- c(10, 20, 30, NA)
v2 <- c(10, 20, 30, NaN)

cat("sum of all elements of v1:", sum(v1), "\n")
cat("sum after removing NA:", sum(v1, na.rm=TRUE), "\n")

cat("\nsum of all elements of v2:", sum(v2), "\n")
cat("sum after removing NaN:", sum(v2, na.rm=TRUE), "\n")

The output of the above code will be:

sum of all elements of v1: NA 
sum after removing NA: 60 

sum of all elements of v2: NaN 
sum after removing NaN: 60

❮ R Statistical Functions