SQL - MIN() & MAX() Functions

The SQL MIN() function returns the minimum value of an expression or specified column of a table. Similarly, the SQL MAX() function returns the maximum value of an expression or specified column of a table.

Syntax

The syntax for using MIN() and MAX() functions are given below:

/* SQL MIN() Function */
SELECT MIN(column_name) 
FROM table_name
WHERE condition(s);

/* SQL MAX() Function */
SELECT MAX(column_name) 
FROM table_name
WHERE condition(s);

The SQL GROUP BY clause is used to arrange result table into identical groups when one or more columns are used. Please note that it is must to include those column names in a GROUP BY clause which are not encapsulated within the MIN() / MAX() function. See the syntax below:

/* Using GROUP BY with MAX() Function */
SELECT column1, column2, ...
       MIN(column_name) 
FROM table_name
WHERE condition(s)
GROUP BY column1, column2, ...;

/* Using GROUP BY with MAX() Function */
SELECT column1, column2, ...
       MAX(column_name) 
FROM table_name
WHERE condition(s)
GROUP BY column1, column2, ...;

Example - With Single Column

Consider a database table called Employee with the following records:

• To fetch minimum Salary of the employees present in the Employee table, the query will be:

  SELECT MIN(Salary) AS MinSalary 
  FROM Employee;
  

  
  

  This will produce the result as shown below:

  MinSalary
  2750

• To fetch maximum Salary of the employees present in the Employee table, the following query can be used:

  SELECT MAX(Salary) AS MaxSalary 
  FROM Employee;
  

  
  

  This result of the following code will be:

  MaxSalary
  3100

Example - Using GROUP BY

Consider the above discussed database named Employee which contains the following records:

• To fetch the minimum Salary of the employees group by their age, where age is greater than 27, the following query can be used:

  SELECT Age, MIN(Salary) AS MinSalary 
  FROM Employee
  WHERE Age > 27
  GROUP BY Age;
  

  
  

  This result of the above code will be:

  Age	MinSalary
  28	2800
  30	3100

• To fetch the maximum Salary of the employees group by their age, where age is greater than 27, the query will be:

  SELECT Age, MAX(Salary) AS MaxSalary 
  FROM Employee
  WHERE Age > 27
  GROUP BY Age;
  

  
  

  This result of the above code will be:

  Age	MaxSalary
  28	3000
  30	3100