T-SQL - DATES
While working with T-SQL (Transact-SQL) Date datatypes, it is essential to know about the dates format when performing different operations on a database. Please note that, the datatype of column must be chosen while creating a new table in the database.
The different data types available in T-SQL (Transact-SQL) for storing a date or a date/time value are mentioned below:
Data type | Description |
---|---|
DATETIME | A date and time combination. Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss[.mmm]'. It supports range from January 1, 1753, to December 31, 9999 with an accuracy of 3.33 milliseconds. |
DATETIME2 | A date and time combination. Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss[.fractional seconds]'. It supports range from January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999 with an accuracy of 100 nanoseconds. |
DATE | A date. Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD'. It supports range from January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999. |
TIME | A time. Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss[.nnnnnnn]'. Used to store time only to an accuracy of 100 nanoseconds. Values range from '00:00:00.0000000' to '23:59:59.9999999'. |
DATETIMEOFFSET | A date and time combination and adds time zone awareness based on UTC (Universal Time Coordinate or Greenwich Mean Time). Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss[.nnnnnnn]' [{+|-}hh:mm]. It supports range from January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999 with an accuracy of 100 nanoseconds. |
SMALLDATETIME | A date and time combination. Format: 'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss'. It supports range from January 1, 1900 to June 6, 2079 with an accuracy of 1 minute. |
Example: Create a table with date datatype
The below mentioned statement creates a table called Employee which contains five columns: EmpID, Name, City, Age and Date_of_Joining.
CREATE TABLE Employee ( EmpID INT NOT NULL, Name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, City VARCHAR(100), Age INT, Date_of_Joining DATE );
This will create a empty table named Employee containing five columns.
Example: Working with date datatype
Consider a database table called Employee with the following records:
EmpID | Name | City | Age | Date_of_Joining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | John | London | 25 | 2019-05-25 |
2 | Marry | New York | 24 | 2018-10-15 |
3 | Jo | Paris | 27 | 2017-06-09 |
4 | Kim | Amsterdam | 30 | 2014-04-21 |
5 | Ramesh | New Delhi | 28 | 2019-05-25 |
6 | Huang | Beijing | 28 | 2020-01-10 |
To fetch data of all employees present in the Employee table who joined the organization on '2019-05-25', the query is:
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE Date_of_Joining = '2019-05-25';
This will produce the result as shown below:
EmpID | Name | City | Age | Date_of_Joining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | John | London | 25 | 2019-05-25 |
5 | Ramesh | New Delhi | 28 | 2019-05-25 |
Complete T-SQL Date and Time Reference
For a complete reference of all T-SQL Date and Time functions, see the T-SQL Data and Time Reference.