Python - Doubly Linked List
A doubly linked list is a linear data structure, in which the elements are stored in the form of a node. Each node contains three sub-elements. A data part that stores the value of the element, the previous part that stores the link to the previous node, and the next part that stores the link to the next node as shown in the below image:
The first node also known as HEAD is always used as a reference to traverse the list. The previous of head node and next of last node points to NULL. A doubly linked list can be visualized as a chain of nodes, where every node points to previous and next node.
Implementation of Doubly Linked List
Representation:
In Python, doubly linked list can be represented as a class and a Node as a separate class. The LinkedList class contains a reference of Node class type.
# node structure class Node: #constructor to create a new node def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None self.prev = None #class Linked List class LinkedList: #constructor to create an empty LinkedList def __init__(self): self.head = None
Create a Doubly Linked List
Let us create a simple doubly linked list which contains three data nodes.
# node structure class Node: #constructor to create a new node def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None self.prev = None #class Linked List class LinkedList: #constructor to create an empty LinkedList def __init__(self): self.head = None # test the code # create an empty LinkedList MyList = LinkedList() #Add first node. first = Node(10) #linking with head node MyList.head = first #Add second node. second = Node(20) #linking with first node second.prev = first first.next = second #Add third node. third = Node(30) #linking with second node third.prev = second second.next = third
Traverse a Doubly Linked List
A doubly linked list can be traversed using a temp node. Keep on moving the temp node to the next one and displaying its content. At the end of the list, the temp node will become NULL.
# node structure class Node: #constructor to create a new node def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = None self.prev = None #class Linked List class LinkedList: #constructor to create an empty LinkedList def __init__(self): self.head = None #display the content of the list def PrintList(self): temp = self.head if(temp != None): print("The list contains:", end=" ") while (temp != None): print(temp.data, end=" ") temp = temp.next print() else: print("The list is empty.") # test the code # create an empty LinkedList MyList = LinkedList() #Add first node. first = Node(10) #linking with head node MyList.head = first #Add second node. second = Node(20) #linking with first node second.prev = first first.next = second #Add third node. third = Node(30) #linking with second node third.prev = second second.next = third #print the content of list MyList.PrintList()
The above code will give the following output:
The list contains: 10 20 30