C# - Insert a new node at the start of the Doubly Linked List

In this method, a new node is inserted at the start of the doubly linked list. For example - if the given List is 10->20->30 and a new element 100 is added at the start, the List becomes 100->10->20->30.

Inserting a new node at the start of the doubly linked list is very easy. First, a new node with given element is created. It is then added at the start of the list by linking the head node to the new node.

The function push_front is created for this purpose. It is a 5-step process.

public void push_front(int newElement) {
  
  //1. allocate node
  Node newNode = new Node();
  
  //2. assign data element
  newNode.data = newElement;
  
  //3. assign null to the next and prev
  //   of the new node
  newNode.next = null; 
  newNode.prev = null;

  //4. Check the list is empty or not,
  //   if empty make the new node as head
  if(head == null) {
    head = newNode;
  } else {
    
    //5. Adjust the links and make the new
    //   node as head
    head.prev = newNode;
    newNode.next = head;
    head = newNode;
  }    
}

The below is a complete program that uses above discussed concept to insert new node at the start of the doubly linked list.

using System;

//node structure
class Node {
  public int data;
  public Node next;
  public Node prev;
};

class LinkedList {
  Node head;

  public LinkedList(){
    head = null;
  }
  
  //Add new element at the start of the list
  public void push_front(int newElement) {
    Node newNode = new Node();
    newNode.data = newElement;
    newNode.next = null; 
    newNode.prev = null;
    if(head == null) {
      head = newNode;
    } else {
      head.prev = newNode;
      newNode.next = head;
      head = newNode;
    }    
  }

  //display the content of the list
  public void PrintList() {
    Node temp = new Node();
    temp = this.head;
    if(temp != null) {
      Console.Write("The list contains: ");
      while(temp != null) {
        Console.Write(temp.data + " ");
        temp = temp.next;
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
    } else {
      Console.WriteLine("The list is empty.");
    }
  }     
};

// test the code
class Implementation {  
  static void Main(string[] args) {
    LinkedList MyList = new LinkedList();

    //Add three elements at the start of the list.
    MyList.push_front(10);
    MyList.push_front(20);
    MyList.push_front(30);
    MyList.PrintList();   
  }
}

The above code will give the following output:

The list contains: 30 20 10